SafekipediaDemographics of Vietnam
Adapted from Wikipedia · Discoverer experience
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, and religious affiliations.
The majority Viet people (officially called Kinh) live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese. Other ethnic groups also live in Vietnam, each speaking their own languages. These communities together make up the country's rich demographic makeup. The Viet people originally came from northern Vietnam and slowly moved southward, changing where other groups like the Chams and Khmer Krom lived.
Vietnam's population reached over 100 million in 2023, making it the 16th largest country by population in the world. Experts predict that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society, meaning there will be more older people than young ones.
Population size and structure
Vietnam has many people living in different age groups. Most of the people are young, and there are almost equal numbers of boys and girls.
The number of people in Vietnam has grown over time, and the government has had rules about how many children families can have.
Source: Our World in Data.
Source: UN Statistics Division.
Total: 0.995 male(s)/female
At birth: 1.116 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female
15–64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female
Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam.: 99 : 103
The total fertility rate of Vietnam has been influenced by the government's family planning policy, the two-child policy.
Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam.
Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam.
Source: UN World Population Prospects.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 28,264,000 | — |
| 1960 | 35,173,000 | +2.21% |
| 1970 | 44,928,000 | +2.48% |
| 1980 | 54,023,000 | +1.86% |
| 1989 | 64,411,713 | +1.97% |
| 1999 | 76,323,173 | +1.71% |
| 2009 | 85,846,997 | +1.18% |
| 2019 | 96,208,984 | +1.15% |
| Source: UN / Central Statistics Office | ||
| Year | Total population |
|---|---|
| 0 | ca. 800,000 |
| 500 | ca. 550,000 |
| 1000 | ca. 800,000 |
| 1500 | 2,000,000 |
| 1700 | 3,000,000 |
| 1850 | 6,110,000 |
| 1900 | 11,700,000 |
| 1930 | 17,500,000 |
| Year | Total population (excluding Champa and Khmer polities) |
|---|---|
| 1000 | ca. 1,200,000 |
| 1100 | ca. 1,500,000 |
| 1200 | ca. 2,000,000 |
| 1300 | ca. 2,400,000 |
| 1400 | 1,800,000 |
| 1500 | 4,400,000 |
| 1600 | 5,000,000 |
| 1700 | 6,300,000 |
| 1800 | 7,500,000 |
| Year | Total population | Population in age bracket | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aged 0–14 | aged 15–64 | aged 65+ | ||
| 1950 | 28,000,000 | 31.9% | 63.9% | 4.2% |
| 1955 | 31,329,000 | 35.6% | 60.1% | 4.3% |
| 1960 | 35,173,000 | 40.1% | 55.5% | 4.4% |
| 1965 | 39,885,000 | 44.1% | 51.3% | 4.6% |
| 1970 | 44,928,000 | 44.2% | 50.9% | 4.8% |
| 1975 | 49,896,000 | 42.9% | 52.3% | 4.8% |
| 1980 | 54,023,000 | 40.7% | 54.3% | 4.9% |
| 1985 | 60,307,000 | 39.4% | 55.7% | 4.9% |
| 1990 | 67,102,000 | 38.0% | 57.0% | 5.0% |
| 1995 | 74,008,000 | 36.5% | 58.4% | 5.1% |
| 2000 | 79,910,000 | 31.6% | 62.0% | 6.4% |
| 2005 | 83,833,000 | 27.1% | 66.4% | 6.5% |
| 2010 | 87,968,000 | 23.6% | 69.9% | 6.5% |
| 2015 | 92,677,000 | 23.0% | 70.3% | 6.7% |
| 2020 | 97,339,000 | 23.2% | 68.9% | 7.9% |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 42,413,143 | 43,433,854 | 85,846,997 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 3,662,889 | 3,371,255 | 7,034,144 | 7.97 |
| 5–9 | 3,458,159 | 3,252,578 | 6,710,737 | 7.82 |
| 10–14 | 3,725,369 | 3,523,009 | 7,248,378 | 8.44 |
| 15–19 | 4,577,914 | 4,385,988 | 8,963,902 | 10.44 |
| 20–24 | 4,253,618 | 4,179,249 | 8,432,867 | 9.82 |
| 25–29 | 3,904,730 | 3,885,273 | 7,790,003 | 9.07 |
| 30–34 | 3,462,905 | 3,405,253 | 6,868,158 | 8.00 |
| 35–39 | 3,298,266 | 3,233,341 | 6,531,607 | 7.61 |
| 40–44 | 2,967,934 | 2,998,922 | 5,966,856 | 6.95 |
| 45–49 | 2,642,466 | 2,808,462 | 5,450,928 | 6.35 |
| 50–54 | 2,082,098 | 2,329,953 | 4,412,051 | 5.14 |
| 55–59 | 1,364,319 | 1,620,300 | 2,984,619 | 3.48 |
| 60–64 | 861 897 | 1,076,051 | 1,937,948 | 2.26 |
| 65–69 | 653 287 | 901 391 | 1,554,678 | 1.81 |
| 70–74 | 568 312 | 844 226 | 1,412,538 | 1.65 |
| 75–79 | 480 088 | 718 805 | 1,198,893 | 1.40 |
| 80–84 | 264 997 | 460 988 | 725 985 | 0.85 |
| 85+ | 183 895 | 438 810 | 622 705 | 0.73 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–4 | 10,846,417 | 10,146,842 | 20,993,259 | 24.45 |
| 15–64 | 29,416,147 | 29,922,792 | 59,338,939 | 69.12 |
| 65+ | 2,150,579 | 3,364,220 | 5,514,799 | 6.42 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 44,758,132 | 45,970,809 | 90,728,941 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 3,806,055 | 3,423,520 | 7,229,575 | 7.97 |
| 5–9 | 3,730,617 | 3,431,843 | 7,162,460 | 7.89 |
| 10–14 | 3,555,440 | 3,344,659 | 6,900,099 | 7.61 |
| 15–19 | 3,580,322 | 3,413,183 | 6,993,505 | 7.71 |
| 20–24 | 4,058,691 | 3,959,579 | 8,018,270 | 8.84 |
| 25–29 | 3,951,220 | 3,888,697 | 7,839,917 | 8.64 |
| 30–34 | 3,689,395 | 3,769,601 | 7,458,996 | 8.22 |
| 35–39 | 3,390,462 | 3,439,787 | 6,830,249 | 7.53 |
| 40–44 | 3,292,933 | 3,295,012 | 6,587,945 | 7.26 |
| 45–49 | 2,980,442 | 3,068,389 | 6,048,831 | 6.67 |
| 50–54 | 2,699,165 | 2,971,459 | 5,670,624 | 6.25 |
| 55–59 | 2,096,032 | 2,405,568 | 4,501,600 | 4.96 |
| 60–64 | 1,376,861 | 1,671,621 | 3,048,482 | 3.36 |
| 65–69 | 832 090 | 1,084,870 | 1,916,960 | 2.11 |
| 70–74 | 600 732 | 862 104 | 1,462,836 | 1.61 |
| 75–79 | 477 293 | 757 242 | 1,234,535 | 1.36 |
| 80+ | 640 382 | 1,183,675 | 1,824,057 | 2.01 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 11,092,112 | 10,200,022 | 21,292,134 | 23.47 |
| 15–64 | 31,115,523 | 31,882,896 | 62,998,419 | 69.44 |
| 65+ | 2,550,497 | 3,887,891 | 6,438,388 | 7.10 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 47,881,061 | 48,327,923 | 96,208,984 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 4,100,479 | 3,718,847 | 7,819,326 | 8.13 |
| 5–9 | 4,354,887 | 3,977,832 | 8,332,719 | 8.66 |
| 10–14 | 3,737,030 | 3,482,807 | 7,219,837 | 7.50 |
| 15–19 | 3,352,386 | 3,153,831 | 6,506,217 | 6.76 |
| 20–24 | 3,417,149 | 3,258,554 | 6,675,703 | 6.94 |
| 25–29 | 4,301,210 | 4,146,767 | 8,447,977 | 8.78 |
| 30–34 | 4,276,404 | 4,117,406 | 8,393,810 | 8.72 |
| 35–39 | 3,891,950 | 3,800,436 | 7,692,386 | 8.00 |
| 40–44 | 3,366,147 | 3,317,972 | 6,684,119 | 6.95 |
| 45–49 | 3,132,172 | 3,125,299 | 6,257,471 | 6.50 |
| 50–54 | 2,772,157 | 2,889,853 | 5,662,010 | 5.89 |
| 55–59 | 2,402,096 | 2,706,628 | 5,108,724 | 5.31 |
| 60–64 | 1,810,497 | 2,181,537 | 3,992,034 | 4.15 |
| 65–69 | 1,167,214 | 1,518,057 | 2,685,271 | 2.79 |
| 70–74 | 687 339 | 953 511 | 1,640,850 | 1.71 |
| 75–79 | 453 972 | 717 839 | 1,171,811 | 1.22 |
| 80–84 | 327 330 | 580 402 | 907 732 | 0.94 |
| 85+ | 330 642 | 680 345 | 1,010,987 | 1.05 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 12,192,396 | 11,179,486 | 23,371,882 | 24.29 |
| 15–64 | 32,722,168 | 32,698,283 | 65,420,451 | 68.00 |
| 65+ | 2,966,497 | 4,350,211 | 7,416,651 | 7.71 |
| Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR1 | CDR1 | NC1 | TFR1 | IMR1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950–1955 | 1,335,000 | 722,000 | 613,000 | 44.8 | 24.2 | 20.6 | 6.20 | 157.9 |
| 1955–1960 | 1,533,000 | 764,000 | 769,000 | 46.1 | 23.0 | 23.1 | 6.76 | 143.7 |
| 1960–1965 | 1,732,000 | 790,000 | 942,000 | 46.2 | 21.0 | 25.2 | 7.33 | 130.3 |
| 1965–1970 | 1,798,000 | 790,000 | 1,009,000 | 42.4 | 18.6 | 23.8 | 7.38 | 117.8 |
| 1970–1975 | 1,853,000 | 859,000 | 994,000 | 39.1 | 18.1 | 21.0 | 7.15 | 118.4 |
| 1975–1980 | 1,797,000 | 760,000 | 1,036,000 | 34.6 | 14.6 | 20.0 | 5.89 | 97.6 |
| 1980–1985 | 1,952,000 | 630,000 | 1,322,000 | 34.1 | 11.0 | 23.1 | 4.93 | 70.0 |
| 1985–1990 | 2,000,000 | 574,000 | 1,425,000 | 31.4 | 9.0 | 22.4 | 3.96 | 54.8 |
| 1990–1995 | 1,929,000 | 484,000 | 1,444,000 | 27.3 | 6.9 | 20.4 | 3.23 | 37.9 |
| 1995–2000 | 1,448,000 | 441,000 | 1,007,000 | 19.0 | 5.8 | 13.2 | 2.18 | 29.2 |
| 2000–2005 | 1,392,000 | 425,000 | 967,000 | 16.9 | 5.5 | 11.4 | 1.92 | 23.1 |
| 2005–2010 | 1,472,000 | 448,000 | 1,024,000 | 17.3 | 5.6 | 11.7 | 1.93 | 20.4 |
| 2010–2015 | 17.4 | 5.8 | 11.6 | 1.96 | ||||
| 2015–2020 | 16.2 | 5.8 | 10.4 | 1.95 | ||||
| 2020–2025 | 15.2 | 6.0 | 9.2 | 1.93 | ||||
| 2025–2030 | 13.4 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 1.92 | ||||
| 2030–2035 | 12.1 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 1.92 | ||||
| 2035–2040 | 11.7 | 7.3 | 4.4 | 1.91 | ||||
| 1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births | ||||||||
| Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Crude migration change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 66,016,700 | ||||||||
| 1991 | 67,242,400 | ||||||||
| 1992 | 68,450,100 | ||||||||
| 1993 | 69,644,500 | ||||||||
| 1994 | 70,824,500 | ||||||||
| 1995 | 71,995,500 | ||||||||
| 1996 | 73,156,700 | ||||||||
| 1997 | 74,306,900 | ||||||||
| 1998 | 75,456,300 | ||||||||
| 1999 | 76,596,700 | ||||||||
| 2000 | 77,630,900 | ||||||||
| 2001 | 78,620,500 | 1,462,300 | 401,000 | 1,061,300 | 18.6 | 5.1 | 13.5 | 2.25 | |
| 2002 | 79,537,700 | 1,511,200 | 461,300 | 1,049,900 | 19.0 | 5.8 | 13.2 | −1.68 | 2.28 |
| 2003 | 80,467,400 | 1,408,200 | 466,700 | 941,500 | 17.5 | 5.8 | 11.7 | −0.15 | 2.12 |
| 2004 | 81,436,400 | 1,563,600 | 439,800 | 1,123,800 | 19.2 | 5.4 | 13.8 | −1.92 | 2.23 |
| 2005 | 82,392,100 | 1,532,500 | 436,700 | 1,095,800 | 18.6 | 5.3 | 13.3 | −1.72 | 2.11 |
| 2006 | 83,311,200 | 1,449,600 | 441,500 | 1,008,100 | 17.4 | 5.3 | 12.1 | −1.08 | 2.09 |
| 2007 | 84,218,500 | 1,423,300 | 446,400 | 976,900 | 16.9 | 5.3 | 11.6 | −0.84 | 2.07 |
| 2008 | 85,118,700 | 1,421,500 | 451,100 | 970,400 | 16.7 | 5.3 | 11.4 | −0.83 | 2.08 |
| 2009 | 86,025,000 | 1,514,000 | 585,000 | 929,000 | 17.6 | 6.8 | 10.8 | −0.27 | 2.03 |
| 2010 | 86,947,400 | 1,486,800 | 591,200 | 895,600 | 17.1 | 6.8 | 10.3 | 0.31 | 2.00 |
| 2011 | 87,860,400 | 1,458,500 | 606,200 | 852,300 | 16.6 | 6.9 | 9.7 | 0.20 | 1.99 |
| 2012 | 88,809,300 | 1,500,900 | 621,700 | 879,200 | 16.9 | 7.0 | 9.9 | 0.79 | 2.05 |
| 2013 | 89,759,500 | 1,525,900 | 637,300 | 888,600 | 17.0 | 7.1 | 9.9 | 0.69 | 2.10 |
| 2014 | 90,728,900 | 1,560,500 | 626,000 | 934,500 | 17.2 | 6.9 | 10.3 | 0.39 | 2.09 |
| 2015 | 91,709,800 | 1,485,700 | 623,600 | 862,100 | 16.2 | 6.8 | 9.4 | 1.31 | 2.10 |
| 2016 | 92,692,200 | 1,483,100 | 630,300 | 852,800 | 16.0 | 6.8 | 9.2 | 1.41 | 2.09 |
| 2017 | 93,671,600 | 1,395,700 | 637,000 | 758,700 | 14.9 | 6.8 | 8.1 | 2.38 | 2.04 |
| 2018 | 94,666,000 | 1,382,100 | 643,700 | 738,400 | 14.6 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 2.73 | 2.05 |
| 2019 | 96,484,000 | 1,572,700 | 607,800 | 964,900 | 16.3 | 6.3 | 10.0 | 9.01 | 2.09 |
| 2020 | 97,582,690 | 1,590,600 | 591,400 | 999,200 | 16.3 | 6.1 | 10.2 | 1.03 | 2.12 |
| 2021 | 98,506,190 | 1,550,500 | 628,700 | 922,000 | 15.7 | 6.4 | 9.3 | 0.02 | 2.11 |
| 2022 | 99,461,700 | 1,511,800 | 606,700 | 905,100 | 15.2 | 6.1 | 9.1 | 0.51 | 2.01 |
| 2023 | 100,309,200 | 1,424,400 | 571,800 | 852,600 | 14.2 | 5.7 | 8.5 | −0.05 | 1.96 |
| 2024 | 101,300,000 | 1,367,600 | 567,300 | 800,300 | 13.5 | 5.6 | 7.9 | 1.90 | 1.91 |
| 2025 | 102,300,000 | 13.7 | 6.1 | 7.6 | 1.93 |
| Province | 2005 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vietnam | 2.11 | 2.07 | 2.08 | 2.03 | 2.00 | 1.99 | 2.05 | 2.10 | 2.09 | 2.10 | 2.09 | 2.04 | 2.05 | 2.09 | 2.12 | 2.11 |
| Red River Delta | 2.06 | 2.11 | 2.13 | 2.11 | 2.04 | 2.06 | 2.11 | 2.11 | 2.30 | 2.23 | 2.23 | 2.16 | 2.29 | 2.35 | 2.34 | 2.37 |
| Hà Nội | 1.83 | 1.91 | 2.06 | 2.08 | 2.00 | 2.02 | 2.06 | 2.03 | 2.18 | 2.04 | 2.06 | 2.00 | 2.07 | 2.24 | 2.25 | 2.18 |
| Hà Tây | 2.29 | 2.23 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Vĩnh Phúc | 2.15 | 2.00 | 2.10 | 2.13 | 2.06 | 2.02 | 2.07 | 2.11 | 2.44 | 2.25 | 2.48 | 2.34 | 2.48 | 2.39 | 2.39 | 2.37 |
| Bắc Ninh | 2.40 | 2.28 | 2.29 | 2.32 | 2.26 | 2.23 | 2.71 | 2.29 | 2.72 | 2.72 | 2.63 | 2.67 | 2.66 | 2.53 | 2.49 | 2.60 |
| Quảng Ninh | 2.24 | 2.12 | 2.12 | 2.20 | 1.99 | 2.07 | 2.27 | 2.18 | 2.49 | 2.20 | 2.02 | 2.25 | 2.22 | 2.24 | 2.22 | 2.14 |
| Hải Dương | 2.10 | 2.04 | 2.13 | 1.99 | 1.98 | 2.01 | 2.07 | 1.99 | 2.06 | 2.00 | 2.30 | 1.95 | 2.59 | 2.48 | 2.57 | 2.44 |
| Hải Phòng | 2.13 | 1.86 | 1.95 | 2.16 | 1.98 | 2.00 | 2.37 | 2.03 | 2.35 | 2.02 | 2.11 | 1.99 | 1.92 | 2.20 | 2.05 | 2.35 |
| Hưng Yên | 2.32 | 2.08 | 2.25 | 2.11 | 2.13 | 2.19 | 2.10 | 2.46 | 2.29 | 2.40 | 2.37 | 2.10 | 2.39 | 2.40 | 2.40 | 2.43 |
| Thái Bình | 2.19 | 2.21 | 2.14 | 2.08 | 2.10 | 2.15 | 1.78 | 2.07 | 1.87 | 2.39 | 2.25 | 2.21 | 2.51 | 2.43 | 2.42 | 2.58 |
| Hà Nam | 2.30 | 2.18 | 2.12 | 2.07 | 2.09 | 2.16 | 1.83 | 1.87 | 1.99 | 2.22 | 2.11 | 1.97 | 2.39 | 2.44 | 2.36 | 2.35 |
| Nam Định | 2.31 | 2.39 | 2.19 | 2.25 | 2.20 | 2.24 | 1.76 | 2.32 | 2.73 | 2.81 | 2.46 | 2.58 | 2.82 | 2.74 | 2.71 | 2.75 |
| Ninh Bình | 2.37 | 2.26 | 2.36 | 2.04 | 1.88 | 1.86 | 2.66 | 2.28 | 2.87 | 2.76 | 2.94 | 2.39 | 2.53 | 2.46 | 2.42 | 2.41 |
| Northern midlands and mountain areas | 2.33 | 2.23 | 2.30 | 2.24 | 2.22 | 2.21 | 2.31 | 2.18 | 2.56 | 2.69 | 2.63 | 2.53 | 2.48 | 2.43 | 2.41 | 2.43 |
| Hà Giang | 3.06 | 2.89 | 2.86 | 3.08 | 3.05 | 2.57 | 2.78 | 2.70 | 2.51 | 2.93 | 2.42 | 2.49 | 2.74 | 2.47 | 2.57 | 2.62 |
| Cao Bằng | 2.55 | 2.28 | 2.26 | 2.18 | 2.09 | 2.15 | 2.13 | 2.05 | 2.53 | 2.52 | 2.46 | 2.34 | 2.48 | 2.43 | 2.42 | 2.40 |
| Bắc Kạn | 2.29 | 2.12 | 2.07 | 1.84 | 1.85 | 1.91 | 2.30 | 2.11 | 2.07 | 2.42 | 2.40 | 2.37 | 2.23 | 2.14 | 2.14 | 2.22 |
| Tuyên Quang | 2.17 | 2.05 | 2.05 | 2.10 | 2.07 | 2.10 | 2.18 | 2.35 | 2.73 | 2.74 | 2.72 | 2.68 | 2.62 | 2.51 | 2.50 | 2.42 |
| Lào Cai | 2.97 | 2.59 | 2.69 | 2.70 | 2.73 | 2.57 | 2.43 | 2.52 | 2.36 | 2.26 | 2.73 | 2.24 | 2.43 | 2.44 | 2.43 | 2.40 |
| Yên Bái | 2.55 | 2.36 | 2.56 | 2.38 | 2.32 | 2.26 | 2.38 | 2.13 | 2.77 | 2.76 | 2.89 | 2.77 | 2.96 | 2.74 | 2.64 | 2.77 |
| Thái Nguyên | 1.99 | 1.99 | 1.95 | 1.89 | 1.90 | 1.96 | 2.13 | 2.06 | 2.45 | 2.52 | 2.45 | 2.09 | 2.05 | 2.14 | 2.16 | 2.12 |
| Lạng Sơn | 2.28 | 2.14 | 2.15 | 1.86 | 1.84 | 1.88 | 2.11 | 1.86 | 2.26 | 2.38 | 2.34 | 2.25 | 2.22 | 2.13 | 2.19 | 2.32 |
| Bắc Giang | 2.21 | 2.07 | 2.22 | 1.94 | 1.86 | 1.94 | 2.09 | 1.77 | 2.57 | 2.77 | 2.64 | 2.73 | 2.38 | 2.31 | 2.30 | 2.32 |
| Phú Thọ | 2.03 | 1.99 | 2.11 | 2.10 | 2.08 | 2.22 | 2.18 | 2.22 | 2.51 | 2.61 | 2.56 | 2.51 | 2.66 | 2.57 | 2.53 | 2.42 |
| Điện Biên | 3.17 | 2.72 | 2.72 | 2.55 | 2.57 | 2.67 | 2.76 | 2.48 | 3.11 | 2.81 | 2.43 | 2.84 | 2.78 | 2.72 | 2.66 | 2.70 |
| Lai Châu | 3.52 | 3.02 | 3.01 | 2.96 | 2.91 | 2.93 | 2.60 | 2.45 | 3.20 | 3.11 | 2.91 | 2.86 | 2.60 | 2.68 | 2.63 | 2.77 |
| Sơn La | 2.76 | 2.36 | 2.29 | 2.61 | 2.58 | 2.43 | 2.52 | 2.25 | 2.57 | 2.82 | 2.90 | 2.77 | 2.36 | 2.44 | 2.36 | 2.36 |
| Hòa Bình | 2.09 | 2.06 | 2.01 | 1.98 | 1.98 | 2.03 | 2.08 | 1.90 | 2.30 | 2.84 | 2.56 | 2.30 | 2.42 | 2.34 | 2.29 | 2.19 |
| North Central and Central coastal areas | 2.37 | 2.27 | 2.30 | 2.21 | 2.21 | 2.21 | 2.32 | 2.37 | 2.31 | 2.34 | 2.37 | 2.31 | 2.30 | 2.32 | 2.31 | 2.32 |
| Thanh Hóa | 2.39 | 2.12 | 2.17 | 1.89 | 1.89 | 2.01 | 2.22 | 2.11 | 2.43 | 2.75 | 2.70 | 2.45 | 2.69 | 2.54 | 2.51 | 2.22 |
| Nghệ An | 2.75 | 2.49 | 2.52 | 2.55 | 2.56 | 2.49 | 2.59 | 2.68 | 2.70 | 2.69 | 2.76 | 2.87 | 2.82 | 2.75 | 2.68 | 2.63 |
| Hà Tĩnh | 2.38 | 2.46 | 2.65 | 2.46 | 2.46 | 2.50 | 2.75 | 2.95 | 3.12 | 2.65 | 3.21 | 3.24 | 2.90 | 2.83 | 2.73 | 2.95 |
| Quảng Bình | 2.58 | 2.57 | 2.57 | 2.37 | 2.39 | 2.41 | 2.61 | 2.22 | 2.49 | 2.52 | 2.38 | 2.34 | 2.41 | 2.43 | 2.40 | 2.52 |
| Quảng Trị | 2.90 | 2.77 | 2.71 | 2.85 | 2.84 | 2.67 | 2.65 | 2.75 | 2.75 | 2.94 | 3.19 | 2.83 | 2.61 | 2.45 | 2.44 | 2.46 |
| Thừa Thiên–Huế | 2.98 | 2.79 | 2.54 | 2.26 | 2.28 | 2.22 | 2.38 | 2.21 | 2.33 | 2.26 | 2.20 | 2.33 | 2.03 | 2.34 | 2.29 | 2.25 |
| Đà Nẵng | 1.87 | 1.90 | 1.92 | 2.14 | 2.16 | 1.99 | 2.18 | 2.32 | 2.03 | 2.13 | 2.24 | 1.81 | 1.49 | 1.88 | 2.09 | 2.02 |
| Quảng Nam | 2.40 | 2.32 | 2.12 | 2.30 | 2.27 | 2.16 | 2.35 | 2.65 | 2.27 | 2.17 | 2.16 | 2.26 | 2.28 | 2.27 | 2.23 | 2.25 |
| Quảng Ngãi | 2.21 | 2.11 | 2.18 | 2.09 | 2.11 | 2.21 | 2.13 | 2.45 | 2.01 | 1.93 | 1.98 | 1.79 | 2.06 | 2.13 | 2.11 | 2.14 |
| Bình Định | 2.25 | 2.17 | 2.09 | 2.22 | 2.17 | 2.28 | 2.26 | 2.55 | 2.29 | 2.14 | 2.00 | 2.09 | 2.30 | 2.20 | 2.24 | 2.22 |
| Phú Yên | 2.25 | 2.18 | 2.32 | 1.96 | 1.98 | 2.11 | 2.07 | 2.04 | 2.15 | 2.05 | 2.26 | 2.04 | 2.16 | 2.11 | 2.09 | 2.07 |
| Khánh Hòa | 2.12 | 2.14 | 2.18 | 2.04 | 2.06 | 1.93 | 2.04 | 2.04 | 1.65 | 1.75 | 1.75 | 1.64 | 1.40 | 1.77 | 1.81 | 1.82 |
| Ninh Thuận | 2.53 | 2.28 | 2.24 | 2.40 | 2.42 | 2.38 | 2.25 | 2.37 | 2.18 | 2.23 | 2.28 | 2.34 | 2.05 | 2.09 | 2.07 | 2.36 |
| Bình Thuận | 2.38 | 2.40 | 2.38 | 2.07 | 2.09 | 2.14 | 2.39 | 2.15 | 1.57 | 2.04 | 1.81 | 1.75 | 1.82 | 1.91 | 1.96 | 2.06 |
| Central Highlands | 3.07 | 2.77 | 2.68 | 2.65 | 2.63 | 2.58 | 2.43 | 2.49 | 2.30 | 2.26 | 2.37 | 2.29 | 2.32 | 2.43 | 2.41 | 2.36 |
| Kon Tum | 3.94 | 3.49 | 3.58 | 3.45 | 3.46 | 3.25 | 3.16 | 2.70 | 3.04 | 2.49 | 2.34 | 2.48 | 2.12 | 2.74 | 2.64 | 2.55 |
| Gia Lai | 3.10 | 2.97 | 2.86 | 2.88 | 2.90 | 2.85 | 2.36 | 2.48 | 2.27 | 2.45 | 2.38 | 2.36 | 2.27 | 2.49 | 2.47 | 2.44 |
| Đắk Lắk | 2.98 | 2.84 | 2.57 | 2.45 | 2.47 | 2.42 | 2.31 | 2.70 | 2.25 | 2.22 | 2.43 | 2.19 | 2.41 | 2.37 | 2.36 | 2.15 |
| Đắk Nông | 3.38 | 3.05 | 2.87 | 2.72 | 2.68 | 2.57 | 2.65 | 2.31 | 2.46 | 2.36 | 2.28 | 2.21 | 3.05 | 2.68 | 2.61 | 2.68 |
| Lâm Đồng | 2.67 | 2.37 | 2.31 | 2.43 | 2.28 | 2.32 | 2.36 | 2.24 | 2.09 | 1.98 | 2.34 | 2.29 | 1.99 | 2.20 | 2.19 | 2.15 |
| South East | 1.85 | 1.74 | 1.73 | 1.69 | 1.68 | 1.59 | 1.57 | 1.83 | 1.56 | 1.63 | 1.46 | 1.55 | 1.50 | 1.56 | 1.62 | 1.61 |
| Bình Phước | 2.61 | 2.47 | 2.38 | 2.45 | 2.43 | 2.31 | 2.22 | 2.43 | 2.30 | 2.05 | 1.92 | 2.02 | 1.99 | 2.27 | 2.25 | 2.21 |
| Tây Ninh | 1.98 | 1.89 | 1.79 | 1.79 | 1.77 | 1.80 | 1.93 | 1.78 | 1.76 | 1.88 | 1.76 | 1.66 | 1.46 | 1.53 | 1.67 | 1.65 |
| Bình Dương | 1.66 | 1.74 | 1.85 | 1.70 | 1.72 | 1.76 | 1.70 | 1.78 | 1.44 | 1.59 | 1.61 | 1.90 | 1.53 | 1.54 | 1.63 | 1.62 |
| Đồng Nai | 1.92 | 1.91 | 1.83 | 2.07 | 2.09 | 1.99 | 1.80 | 2.09 | 1.75 | 2.02 | 1.67 | 1.61 | 1.80 | 1.90 | 1.97 | 1.86 |
| Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu | 2.06 | 2.09 | 2.13 | 2.01 | 1.88 | 1.82 | 1.70 | 1.92 | 1.97 | 1.56 | 1.52 | 1.37 | 1.51 | 1.87 | 1.94 | 1.78 |
| TP. Hồ Chí Minh | 1.52 | 1.49 | 1.63 | 1.45 | 1.45 | 1.30 | 1.33 | 1.68 | 1.39 | 1.45 | 1.24 | 1.36 | 1.33 | 1.39 | 1.53 | 1.48 |
| Mekong River Delta | 2.00 | 1.87 | 1.87 | 1.84 | 1.80 | 1.80 | 1.92 | 1.92 | 1.84 | 1.76 | 1.84 | 1.74 | 1.74 | 1.80 | 1.82 | 1.82 |
| Long An | 1.95 | 1.91 | 1.95 | 1.85 | 1.87 | 1.83 | 2.02 | 2.03 | 1.66 | 1.61 | 1.56 | 1.62 | 1.83 | 1.80 | 1.82 | 1.77 |
| Tiền Giang | 2.02 | 1.98 | 1.97 | 1.94 | 1.93 | 1.92 | 1.79 | 1.78 | 1.75 | 1.62 | 2.00 | 1.99 | 1.68 | 1.82 | 1.85 | 1.83 |
| Bến Tre | 1.76 | 1.70 | 1.71 | 1.81 | 1.79 | 1.71 | 2.20 | 1.98 | 1.89 | 1.97 | 1.90 | 1.88 | 1.88 | 1.86 | 1.87 | 1.64 |
| Trà Vinh | 2.03 | 1.89 | 1.79 | 1.86 | 1.80 | 1.80 | 2.06 | 1.89 | 1.94 | 2.04 | 2.36 | 2.25 | 1.94 | 1.96 | 2.00 | 1.99 |
| Vĩnh Long | 1.83 | 1.76 | 1.75 | 1.63 | 1.65 | 1.63 | 2.14 | 2.02 | 1.98 | 1.61 | 2.03 | 1.67 | 1.83 | 1.81 | 1.82 | 1.81 |
| Đồng Tháp | 1.98 | 1.77 | 1.74 | 1.87 | 1.89 | 1.83 | 1.57 | 1.89 | 1.84 | 1.61 | 1.59 | 1.34 | 1.43 | 1.78 | 1.87 | 1.85 |
| An Giang | 2.00 | 1.86 | 1.86 | 1.97 | 1.97 | 1.92 | 2.17 | 2.07 | 2.10 | 1.73 | 1.84 | 1.77 | 1.78 | 1.85 | 1.90 | 1.94 |
| Kiên Giang | 2.22 | 2.10 | 2.09 | 1.84 | 1.80 | 1.86 | 2.16 | 1.98 | 1.96 | 2.05 | 1.94 | 1.87 | 1.96 | 1.85 | 1.98 | 1.91 |
| Cần Thơ | 1.70 | 1.64 | 1.75 | 1.72 | 1.62 | 1.62 | 1.58 | 1.81 | 1.89 | 1.88 | 2.01 | 1.64 | 1.66 | 1.66 | 1.74 | 1.68 |
| Hậu Giang | 1.95 | 1.94 | 1.89 | 1.96 | 1.75 | 1.77 | 1.78 | 1.78 | 1.61 | 1.64 | 1.48 | 1.53 | 1.64 | 1.83 | 1.84 | 1.83 |
| Sóc Trăng | 2.02 | 1.90 | 2.06 | 1.79 | 1.81 | 1.83 | 1.85 | 2.08 | 1.65 | 1.72 | 1.83 | 1.69 | 1.75 | 1.79 | 1.80 | 1.78 |
| Bạc Liêu | 2.11 | 2.10 | 2.00 | 1.75 | 1.59 | 1.69 | 1.97 | 1.82 | 1.82 | 1.67 | 1.63 | 1.77 | 1.54 | 1.61 | 1.66 | 1.56 |
| Cà Mau | 2.10 | 2.00 | 2.01 | 1.75 | 1.64 | 1.73 | 1.62 | 1.70 | 1.65 | 1.80 | 1.85 | 1.65 | 1.75 | 1.80 | 1.85 | 1.86 |
| Period | Life expectancy in Years | Period | Life expectancy in Years |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1955–1960 | 57.3 | 1990–1995 | 71.2 |
| 1960–1965 | 60.5 | 1995–2000 | 72.7 |
| 1965–1970 | 62.3 | 2000–2005 | 73.8 |
| 1970–1975 | 57.8 | 2005–2010 | 74.7 |
| 1975–1980 | 66.1 | 2010–2015 | 75.6 |
| 1980–1985 | 68.1 |
Ethnic groups
See also: List of ethnic groups in Vietnam
Vietnam has 54 recognized ethnic groups. The largest group is the Viet people, also called Kinh, who make up 85.3% of the country's population. The other groups make up the rest.
There are many different cultures and languages in Vietnam. Some groups live in the highlands and are called Degar or Montagnards. Other groups include the Cham, Hmong, and Thái.
| Ethnic group | Language family | census 1989 | census 1999 | census 2009 | census 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | ||
| Kinh | Vietic | 56,101,583 | 87.1 | 65,795,748 | 86.2 | 73,594,427 | 85.7 | 82,085,826 | 85.32 |
| Tày | Kra–Dai | 1,145,235 | 1.8 | 1,477,514 | 1.9 | 1,626,392 | 1.9 | 1,845,492 | 1.92 |
| Thai | Kra–Dai | 992,809 | 1.5 | 1,328,725 | 1.7 | 1,550,423 | 1.8 | 1,820,950 | 1.89 |
| Mường | Vietic | 874,195 | 1.4 | 1,137,515 | 1.5 | 1,268,963 | 1.5 | 1,452,095 | 1.51 |
| Hmong | Hmong–Mien | 787,604 | 1.0 | 1,068,189 | 1.2 | 1,393,547 | 1.45 | ||
| Khmer | Mon–Khmer | 872,382 | 1.4 | 1,055,174 | 1.4 | 1,260,640 | 1.5 | 1,319,652 | 1.37 |
| Nùng | Kra–Dai | 696,305 | 1.1 | 856,412 | 1.1 | 968,800 | 1.1 | 1,083,298 | 1.13 |
| Dao | Hmong–Mien | 620,538 | 0.81 | 751,067 | 0.87 | 891,151 | 0.93 | ||
| Hoa | Chinese | 961,702 | 1.5 | 862,371 | 1.1 | 823,071 | 1.0 | 749,466 | 0.78 |
| Gia Rai | Malayo-Polynesian | 317,557 | 0.42 | 411,275 | 0.48 | 513,930 | 0.53 | ||
| Ê Đê | Malayo-Polynesian | 270,348 | 0.35 | 331,194 | 0.39 | 398,671 | 0.41 | ||
| Ba Na | Mon–Khmer | 174,456 | 0.23 | 227,716 | 0.27 | 286,910 | 0.30 | ||
| Xơ Đăng | Mon–Khmer | 127,148 | 0.17 | 169,501 | 0.20 | 212,277 | 0.22 | ||
| Sán Chay | Kra–Dai | 147,315 | 0.19 | 169,410 | 0.20 | 201,398 | 0.21 | ||
| Cờ Ho | Mon–Khmer | 128,723 | 0.17 | 166,112 | 0.19 | 200,800 | 0.21 | ||
| Sán Dìu | Chinese | 126,237 | 0.17 | 146,821 | 0.17 | 183,004 | 0.19 | ||
| Chăm | Malayo-Polynesian | 132,873 | 0.17 | 161,729 | 0.19 | 178,948 | 0.19 | ||
| Hrê | Mon–Khmer | 113,111 | 0.15 | 63,012 | 0.07 | 149,460 | 0.16 | ||
| Ra Glai | Malayo-Polynesian | 96,931 | 0.13 | 122,245 | 0.14 | 146,613 | 0.15 | ||
| M'Nông | Mon–Khmer | 92,451 | 0.12 | 102,741 | 0.12 | 127,334 | 0.13 | ||
| Xtiêng | Mon–Khmer | 66,788 | 0.09 | 85,436 | 0.10 | 100,752 | 0.10 | ||
| Bru-Vân Kiều | Mon–Khmer | 55,559 | 0.07 | 74,506 | 0.09 | 94,598 | 0.10 | ||
| Thổ | Vietic | 68,394 | 0.09 | 74,458 | 0.09 | 91,430 | 0.10 | ||
| Khơ Mú | Mon–Khmer | 56,542 | 0.07 | 72,929 | 0.08 | 90,612 | 0.09 | ||
| Cơ Tu | Mon–Khmer | 50,458 | 0.07 | 61,588 | 0.07 | 74,173 | 0.08 | ||
| Giáy | Kra–Dai | 49,098 | 0.06 | 58,617 | 0.07 | 67,858 | 0.07 | ||
| Giẻ Triêng | Mon–Khmer | 30,243 | 0.04 | 50,962 | 0.06 | 63,322 | 0.07 | ||
| Tà Ôi | Mon–Khmer | 34,960 | 0.05 | 43,886 | 0.05 | 52,356 | 0.05 | ||
| Mạ | Mon–Khmer | 33,338 | 0.04 | 41,405 | 0.05 | 50,322 | 0.05 | ||
| Co | Mon–Khmer | 27,766 | 0.04 | 33,817 | 0.04 | 40,442 | 0.04 | ||
| Chơ Ro | Mon–Khmer | 22,567 | 0.03 | 26,855 | 0.03 | 29,520 | 0.03 | ||
| Xinh Mun | Mon–Khmer | 18,018 | 0.02 | 23,278 | 0.03 | 29,503 | 0.03 | ||
| Hà Nhì | Tibeto-Burman | 17,535 | 0.02 | 10,923 | 0.01 | 25,539 | 0.03 | ||
| Chu Ru | Malayo-Polynesian | 14,978 | 0.02 | 19,314 | 0.02 | 23,242 | 0.02 | ||
| Lao | Kra–Dai | 11,611 | 0.02 | 14,928 | 0.02 | 17,532 | 0.02 | ||
| Kháng | Mon–Khmer | 10,272 | 0.01 | 13,840 | 0.02 | 16,180 | 0.02 | ||
| La Chí | Kra–Dai | 10,765 | 0.01 | 13,158 | 0.02 | 15,126 | 0.02 | ||
| Phù Lá | Tibeto-Burman | 9,046 | 0.01 | 5,535 | 0.01 | 12,471 | 0.01 | ||
| La Hủ | Tibeto-Burman | 6,874 | 0.01 | 9,651 | 0.01 | 12,113 | 0.01 | ||
| La Ha | Kra–Dai | 5,686 | 0.01 | 8,177 | 0.01 | 10,157 | 0.01 | ||
| Pà Thẻn | Hmong–Mien | 5,569 | 0.01 | 6,811 | 0.01 | 8,248 | 0.01 | ||
| Chứt | Vietic | 3,829 | 0.01 | 6,022 | 0.01 | 7,513 | 0.01 | ||
| Lự | Kra–Dai | 4,964 | 0.01 | 5,601 | 0.01 | 6,757 | 0.01 | ||
| Lô Lô | Tibeto-Burman | 3,307 | 0.00 | 2,218 | 0.00 | 4,827 | 0.01 | ||
| Mảng | Mon–Khmer | 2,663 | 0.00 | 3,700 | 0.00 | 4,650 | 0.00 | ||
| Cờ Lao | Kra–Dai | 1,865 | 0.00 | 2,636 | 0.00 | 4,003 | 0.00 | ||
| Bố Y | Kra–Dai | 1,864 | 0.00 | 2,273 | 0.00 | 3,232 | 0.00 | ||
| Cống | Tibeto-Burman | 1,676 | 0.00 | 2,029 | 0.00 | 2,729 | 0.00 | ||
| Ngái | Chinese | 4,841 | 0.01 | 1,035 | 0.00 | 1,649 | 0.00 | ||
| Si La | Tibeto-Burman | 840 | 0.00 | 709 | 0.00 | 909 | 0.00 | ||
| Pu Péo | Kra–Dai | 705 | 0.00 | 687 | 0.00 | 903 | 0.00 | ||
| Rơ Măm | Mon–Khmer | 352 | 0.00 | 436 | 0.00 | 639 | 0.00 | ||
| Brâu | Mon–Khmer | 313 | 0.00 | 397 | 0.00 | 525 | 0.00 | ||
| Ơ Đu | Mon–Khmer | 301 | 0.00 | 376 | 0.00 | 428 | 0.00 | ||
| Foreigners | 39,532 | 0.05 | 2,134 | 0.00 | 3,553 | 0.00 | |||
| Others | 2,767,512 | 4.3 | 1,333 | 0.0 | 82,942 | 0.0 | 349 | 0.00 | |
| Total | 64,411,713 | 76,323,173 | 85,846,997 | 96,208,984 | |||||
Languages
Vietnamese is the national language of Vietnam. It belongs to the Austroasiatic language family, which also includes languages such as Khmer and Mon. Vietnamese is spoken by most people in Vietnam and is a tonal, monosyllabic language. Many Vietnamese words have origins in Chinese. Since the 20th century, Vietnamese has used a Romanized script introduced by French missionaries and later refined by Vietnamese scholars to create the Vietnamese alphabet.
Religion
Main article: Religion in Vietnam
In Vietnam, most people follow traditional beliefs or have no specific religion. According to a survey from 2019, about 86% of people practice Vietnamese folk religion or say they are not religious. Other groups include Catholicism at around 6%, Buddhism at about 5%, and smaller numbers of Hoahaoism, Protestantism, and other beliefs.
Earlier estimates from 2010 show slightly different numbers, but still highlight that many Vietnamese people mix traditional beliefs with other practices.
Related articles
This article is a child-friendly adaptation of the Wikipedia article on Demographics of Vietnam, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
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