Government of Russia

The government of Russia, also called the Government of the Russian Federation, is the main group that helps run the country. It answers to the president of the Russian Federation and is watched over by the State Duma. Its job is to make sure laws are followed, manage money, and help people in many areas of life.

The way the government works is explained in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and special laws. Even though it doesn’t make laws, it creates rules to help put those laws into action.

In the past, the president was part of the government. But today, the president is not in the government, even though they choose the Prime Minister. Recently, in May 2024, the government changed when the president asked for new leaders.

History

See also: Government of the Soviet Union

The current government of Russia started after the Soviet Union ended in 1991. At first, many government groups changed a lot as Russia built its new system. There were many changes in names and roles.

On 28 November 1991, the leader of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, signed an order to reorganize the government. He announced the end of the Soviet Union and became the leader of the new Russia. Yeltsin wanted to create a democracy like in Western countries.

In 1993, Russia adopted a new constitution. This constitution included important ideas like having elections with many parties, separating powers in the government, and protecting people’s freedoms.

In 1999, Yeltsin chose Vladimir Putin to be the prime minister. Later that year, Yeltsin left his position, and Putin became the acting leader. Putin then won the election in 2000.

The latest change happened on 14 May 2024, when President Vladimir Putin signed an order to form Mikhail Mishustin's Second Cabinet.

Responsibilities and power

The Government of Russia has important jobs to help run the country. It must create and send a plan for how money will be spent, called the federal budget, to the State Duma. It also makes sure this plan is followed and reports back on it.

The Government works on many areas like culture, science, education, health protection, and social security. It manages property that belongs to the country and takes steps to keep the country safe and follow the rules. It also helps protect people's rights and keeps order.

The Government makes decisions and gives orders, but these must follow the rules set by the constitution and laws. It helps the Prime Minister carry out policies set by the President.

Composition of the Government and federal agencies

The Government of the Russian Federation includes the Chairman, Deputy Chairmen, and federal ministers. The Chairman is chosen by the President and needs approval from the State Duma. If the State Duma rejects the President’s choice three times, the President can dissolve the Duma and choose the Chairman without its approval.

The President can dismiss the Government at any time. After a new President is elected, the Government steps down. Federal ministries create policies and rules, federal services check that rules are followed, and federal agencies manage property and services.

Current Cabinet

Main article: Mikhail Mishustin's Second Cabinet

Organizations under the Government

The Government of the Russian Federation supports many important organizations. Some of these include universities like M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University and St. Petersburg State University, as well as research centers and special children's centers such as Artek International Children's Center and All-Russian Children's Center "Orlyonok".

The main newspaper for the government is Rossiyskaya Gazeta. In 1999, the government started an official website at www.правительство.рф (or www.government.gov.ru ).

State non-budgetary funds

The Government of the Russian Federation manages two special funds for the country:

• Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund
• Pension and Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation

Lists of ministers

Here are some important lists of ministers in the Russian government:

• List of prime ministers
• List of first deputy prime ministers
• List of deputy prime ministers
• List of defence ministers
• List of economy ministers
• List of finance ministers
• List of justice ministers
• List of foreign ministers
• List of interior ministers
• List of emergency ministers
• List of health ministers
• List of culture ministers
• List of energy ministers
• List of environmental ministers