Bedrock

Bedrock is the solid rock deep inside the Earth. It is under the soil, grass, and loose rocks we walk on. This strong rock holds up everything above it, like houses, roads, and hills.

Bedrock is made of many kinds of rock, such as granite, limestone, and sandstone. These rocks have been there for millions of years and form the base of our planet.

When scientists study bedrock, they learn how the Earth was made and how it changes. Engineers also look for bedrock when they build things, to make sure they are safe. Even when we cannot see it, bedrock is always there, deep below, holding everything together.

When bedrock is close to the surface, it is called an outcrop. The loose material on top, like soil and subsoil, is called regolith. Bedrock can change over time through a process called weathering, which can break the rock into smaller pieces.

A geological map shows what kinds of bedrock are in an area. It helps us understand what rocks would be seen if all the soil were removed. Sometimes, the map shows loose material like alluvium instead.